The temple’s mythology is deeply intertwined with tales of divine love and devotion. One popular legend narrates that Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati sought suitable brides for their sons, Ganesha and Kartikeya. While Ganesha married Buddhi (intellect) and Siddhi (spiritual power), Kartikeya, upon returning and discovering the arrangements, felt slighted and retreated to Mount Krauncha in Palani, adopting the name Kumara Brahmachari. In an effort to console him, Shiva and Parvati venture to the forest of Srisailam. Here, they encountered a girl from the Chenchu tribe, who was, in fact, Parvati in disguise. The divine couple decided to reside in the forest, and the place where they stayed became known as Srisailam. This legend underscores the temple’s significance as a symbol of familial bonds and divine presence.

Another tale speaks of Princess Chandravathi of the Gupta dynasty, who, after facing personal calamities, renounced royal life and sought solace in the forests of Srisailam. Observing a cow pouring milk over a particular linga amidst jasmine (mallika) creepers, she was intrigued. That night, Lord Shiva appeared in her dream, instructing her to build a temple at that spot. Obeying the divine command, she constructed the temple, and since the linga was entwined with jasmine flowers, the deity was named Mallikarjuna.